Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana hou, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻenehana me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole mākaukau ka ʻenehana huli kuʻuna a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau mea paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe.Coated carbide, ceramics, PCBN a me nā mea hana superhard ʻē aʻe he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, ke kūpaʻa ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa thermochemical, e hāʻawi ana i ka pono kumu mua no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, a ua loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi nui i ka hana.ʻO nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea hana superhard a me kāna ʻano mea hana a me nā ʻāpana geometric nā kumu kumu e ʻike ai i ka huli paʻakikī.No laila, pehea e koho ai i ka mea paahana superhard a hoʻolālā i kahi ʻano mea hana kūpono a me nā ʻāpana geometric he mea koʻikoʻi e hoʻokō i ka huli paʻa paʻa!
(1) Kāpena i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i uhi ʻia
E hoʻopili i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā papa o TiN, TiCN, TiAlN a me Al3O2 me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻana i nā mea hana carbide cemented me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, a ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana he 2-18 μm.He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻopili ʻana ma mua o ka substrate mea hana a me ka mea hana mea hana, kahi e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka hopena wela o ka substrate mea hana;Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka friction a me ka adhesion i ke kaʻina ʻoki a hoʻemi i ka hana o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wela.
ʻOiai ke hōʻike nei ka uhi ʻana o PVD i nā pono he nui, ʻo kekahi mau uhi e like me Al2O3 a me ke daimana e hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana uhi CVD.ʻO Al2O3 keʻano o ka uhiʻana me ke kūpaʻa wela ikaika a me ka paleʻana i ka oxidation, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka wela i hanaʻia e kaʻokiʻana mai ka mea hana kūikawā.Hiki i ka ʻenehana hoʻopili CVD ke hoʻohui pū i nā pono o nā ʻāpana like ʻole e hoʻokō i ka hopena ʻoki maikaʻi loa a hoʻokō i nā pono o ka ʻoki.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hana carbide cemented, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā mea hana carbide i uhi ʻia i ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana.Ke hoʻohuli i ka mea hana me ka paʻakikī o HRC45 ~ 55, hiki ke ʻike i ka carbide cimented haʻahaʻa i uhi ʻia.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomaikaʻi kekahi mau mea hana i ka hana o nā mea hana i uhi ʻia ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.No ka laʻana, hoʻohana kekahi mau mea hana ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana i ka Swiss AlTiN uhi mea a me ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe hou ʻia e hana i nā lau i uhi ʻia me ka paʻakikī e like me HV4500 ~ 4900, hiki ke ʻoki i ka HRC47 ~ 58 make kila ma ka wikiwiki o 498.56m / min. .Ke piʻi ka mahana o ka huli ʻana a hiki i 1500 ~ 1600 ° C, ʻaʻole i emi ka paʻakikī a ʻaʻole i oxidize.ʻO ke ola lawelawe o ka maka he ʻehā mau manawa ma mua o ka lau maʻamau i uhi ʻia, ʻoiai ke kumukūʻai he 30% wale nō, a maikaʻi ke adhesion.
(2) ʻO nā mea hana seramika
Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o kona haku mele ʻana, hoʻolālā a me ke kaʻina hana, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka nanotechnology, nā mea hana ceramic e hiki ai ke hoʻoikaika i nā mea hana seramika.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki i ka ceramics ke hoʻololi i ke kolu o ka ʻoki ʻana ma hope o ke kila kiʻekiʻe a me ka carbide cemented.Loaʻa i nā mea hana seramika nā mea maikaʻi o ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe (HRA91 ~ 95), ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe (ke kulou ʻana i ka ikaika 750 ~ 1000MPa), ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa adhesion maikaʻi, ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.ʻAʻole ʻo ia wale nō, loaʻa i nā mea hana seramika ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hiki i HRA80 ma 1200 ° C.
I ka wā o ka ʻokiʻoki maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mea hana seramika, a ʻo kona wikiwiki ʻoki hiki ke 2 ~ 5 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka carbide cemented.He kūpono loa ia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopau a me ka mīkini wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.Hiki iā ia ke ʻoki i nā kila paʻakikī like ʻole a me ka hao hoʻolei paʻakikī me ka paʻakikī a hiki i ka HRC65.ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā seramika alumina, silicon nitride based ceramics, cermets and whisker toughened ceramics.
ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻulaʻula ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea hana seramika alumina ma mua o ka carbide cemented.ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole e hana ka ʻoki ʻoki i ka deformation plastic ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻoki wikiwiki, akā haʻahaʻa loa kona ikaika a me ka paʻakikī.I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kona ʻano paʻakikī a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ka hopena, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka hui ZrO a i ʻole TiC a me TiN.ʻO kekahi ala ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻumi ʻumi metala maʻemaʻe a i ʻole silika carbide whiskers.Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻulaʻula kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka silicon nitride.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā seramika alumina, ʻo kona hemahema ʻo ia ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana i ka diffusion wela kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e hana ai i ke kila, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻaʻahu mea hana.Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā seramika silicone nitride no ka huli ʻana a me ka wili ʻana i ka hao hina hina.
ʻO Cermet kahi ʻano mea carbide-based, kahi ʻo TiC ka pae paʻakikī nui (0.5-2 μm) Ua hui pū ʻia lākou me Co a Ti binders a like me nā mea hana carbide cemented, akā he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa lākou, friction maikaʻi a maikaʻi. ʻaʻahu kūʻē.Hiki iā ia ke pale i ka mahana o ka ʻokiʻoki kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka carbide cemented maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole ia i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka carbide cemented, ka paʻakikī i ka wā ʻoki kaumaha a me ka ikaika i ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa a me ka hānai nui.
(3) Cubic boron nitride (CBN)
ʻO CBN ka lua wale nō i ka daimana ma ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana, a he ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka wela kiʻekiʻe.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā seramika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa wela a me ke kūpaʻa kemika, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona ikaika hopena a me ka hana anti-crushing.Hoʻohana nui ia i ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kila paʻakikī (HRC ≥ 50), ka hao pearlitic gray cast iron, chilled cast iron a superalloy.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hana carbide cemented, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka ʻoki ʻana e hoʻokahi kauoha o ka nui.
ʻO ka mea hana polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) me ka ʻike CBN kiʻekiʻe he kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakikī, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻana, ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī hopena maikaʻi.ʻO kona mau hemahema, ʻo ia ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi ʻole a me ka inertness kemika haʻahaʻa.He kūpono ia no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wela, ka hao a me nā metala sintered ma muli o ka hao.He haʻahaʻa ka ʻike o nā ʻāpana CBN i nā mea hana PCBN, a ʻo ka paʻakikī o nā mea hana PCBN me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā seramika e like me ka mea hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa, akā hana ia no ka ʻilihune thermal stability a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa inertia o ka mea mua, a he kūpono no ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kila paʻakikī.
I ka ʻoki ʻana i ka hao hina hina a me ke kila paʻakikī, hiki ke koho ʻia ka mea hana seramika a i ʻole ka mea hana CBN.No kēia kumu, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke kumukūʻai-pono a me ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi e hoʻoholo ai i kahi e koho ai.Ke emi iho ka paʻakikī o ka ʻoki ʻana ma mua o ka HRC60 a hoʻohana ʻia ka helu hānai liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea hana ceramic.Pono nā mea hana PCBN no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea hana me ka paʻakikī i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o HRC60, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka mīkini ʻakomi a me ka mīkini kiʻekiʻe.Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke koʻikoʻi ma luna o ka mea hana ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana me ka mea hana PCBN ma mua o kēlā me ka mea hana seramika ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka ʻaʻahu like.
I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hana PCBN no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ke kila paʻakikī, pono e hahai ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻe: koho i kahi hohonu ʻoki nui e like me ka hiki ma lalo o ke ʻano e hiki ai i ka rigidity o ka mīkini paʻahana, i hiki ai i ka wela i hana ʻia i ka ʻokiʻoki ke palupalu. ka metala ma ke alo o ka lihi kūloko, hiki ke hōʻemi pono i ka ʻaʻahu o ka mea hana PCBN.Eia kekahi, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kahi hohonu o ka ʻoki liʻiliʻi, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi ʻole o ka mea hana PCBN hiki ke hana i ka wela i ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻana i ka lōʻihi o ka diffuse, a hiki i ka ʻāpana shear ke hana i ka hopena palupalu metala. lole oki.
2. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau a me nā ʻāpana geometric o nā mea hana paʻakikī
ʻO ka hoʻoholo kūpono o ke ʻano a me nā ʻāpana geometric o ka mea hana he mea nui e hāʻawi i ka pāʻani piha i ka hana ʻoki ʻana o ka mea hana.Ma ke ʻano o ka ikaika o ka mea hana, ʻo ka ikaika o ka piko o nā ʻano lau like ʻole mai ke kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa: puni, 100 ° daimana, square, 80 ° daimana, triangle, 55 ° daimana, 35 ° daimana.Ma hope o ke koho ʻia ʻana o ka mea maka, e koho ʻia ke ʻano o ka maka me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa.Pono e koho ʻia nā ʻāpana hoʻohuli paʻakikī e like me ka nui e like me ka hiki, a pono e hana ʻia ka mīkini ʻoʻoleʻa me nā ʻāpana radius poʻo a me ka nui.ʻO ka radius arc ma kahi o 0.8 i ka pau ʻana o μ Ma kahi o m.
ʻO nā'āpana kila paʻakikī heʻulaʻula a palupalu nā lipine, me ka maʻalahi, maʻalahi e haki a paʻaʻole.He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoki ʻoki kila paʻakikī a ʻaʻole i hana i ka hōʻiliʻili chip, akā nui ka ʻoki ʻoki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻoki ʻoki radial ma mua o ka ikaika ʻoki nui.No laila, pono e hoʻohana ka mea hana i kahi kihi mua maikaʻi ʻole (hele ≥ - 5 °) a me kahi kihi hope nui (ao=10°~15°).ʻO ke kihi deflection nui e pili ana i ka rigidity o ka mīkini mīkini, maʻamau 45 ° ~ 60 °, e hōʻemi i ke kamaʻilio o ka mea hana a me ka mea hana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-24-2023